The “Article 5” of Mecca Has a Hole in It: Saudi Arabia, Türkiye and Pakistan Promise Much — But Who Would Actually Fight for Whom?
The new trilateral defence pact looks like an “Islamic NATO,” but its real credibility will only be tested in a crisis — Türkiye has NATO, Pakistan has its nuclear deterrent and its India problem, while Riyadh faces a completely different threat environment. The pact may be less a finished alliance than a hedge against uncertainty over the old security order.